Joined in 2023 
82 
63 About this deal
The very attempt to define religion, to find some distinctive or possibly unique essence or set of qualities that distinguish the religious from the remainder of human life, is primarily a Western concern. The attempt is a natural consequence of the Western speculative, intellectualistic, and scientific disposition. It is also the product of the dominant Western religious mode, what is called the Judeo-Christian climate or, more accurately, the theistic inheritance from Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The theistic form of belief in this tradition, even when downgraded culturally, is formative of the dichotomous Western view of religion. That is, the basic structure of theism is essentially a distinction between a transcendent deity and all else, between the creator and his creation, between God and man. [68] Whiteford, Linda M.; Trotter II, Robert T. (2008). Ethics for Anthropological Research and Practice. Waveland Press. p.22. ISBN 978-1-4786-1059-5. Archived from the original on 10 June 2016 . Retrieved 28 November 2015.
Pliny the Elder. "Elephants; Their Capacity". The Natural History, Book VIII. Tufts University. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021 . Retrieved 21 February 2021. maximum est elephans proximumque humanis sensibus, quippe intellectus illis sermonis patrii et imperiorum obedientia, officiorum quae didicere memoria, amoris et gloriae voluptas, immo vero, quae etiam in homine rara, probitas, prudentia, aequitas, religio quoque siderum solisque ac lunae veneratio." "The elephant is the largest of them all, and in intelligence approaches the nearest to man. It understands the language of its country, it obeys commands, and it remembers all the duties which it has been taught. It is sensible alike of the pleasures of love and glory, and, to a degree that is rare among men even, possesses notions of honesty, prudence, and equity; it has a religious respect also for the stars, and a veneration for the sun and the moon." Some forms of parody religion or fiction-based religion [172] like Jediism, Pastafarianism, Dudeism, "Tolkien religion", [172] and others often develop their own writings, traditions, and cultural expressions, and end up behaving like traditional religions. Kuroda, Toshio (1996). Translated by Jacqueline I. Stone. "The Imperial Law and the Buddhist Law" (PDF). Japanese Journal of Religious Studies: 23.3–4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 March 2003 . Retrieved 28 May 2010. Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions. Springfield, Ma: Merriam-Webster. 1999. ISBN 0-87779-044-2.
Behavioural benefits
Cognitive science of religion is the study of religious thought and behavior from the perspective of the cognitive and evolutionary sciences. [98] The field employs methods and theories from a very broad range of disciplines, including: cognitive psychology, evolutionary psychology, cognitive anthropology, artificial intelligence, cognitive neuroscience, neurobiology, zoology, and ethology. Scholars in this field seek to explain how human minds acquire, generate, and transmit religious thoughts, practices, and schemas by means of ordinary cognitive capacities. Shia Islam is the second largest denomination of Islam and its adherents believe that Ali succeeded Muhammad and further places emphasis on Muhammad's family. Update to information on routes through the specification. Also, there are now 6 marks for spelling, punctuation and grammar (SPaG) in Component 1 and 3 marks for spelling, punctuation and grammar in Component 2. Iranian religions are ancient religions whose roots predate the Islamization of Greater Iran. Nowadays these religions are practiced only by minorities. Sunni Islam is the largest denomination within Islam and follows the Qur'an, the ahadith (plural of Hadith) which record the sunnah, whilst placing emphasis on the sahabah.
Religion as ultimate concern is the meaning-giving substance of culture, and culture is the totality of forms in which the basic concern of religion expresses itself. In abbreviation: religion is the substance of culture, culture is the form of religion. Such a consideration definitely prevents the establishment of a dualism of religion and culture. Every religious act, not only in organized religion, but also in the most intimate movement of the soul, is culturally formed. [238] a b Swindal, James (April 2010). "Faith and Reason". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Archived from the original on 31 January 2022 . Retrieved 16 February 2022.
In the Textual studies route, students must answer questions on either Christianity or Catholic Christianity, plus one religion from the other five specified religions in Component 1B and two from six religious, philosophical and ethical studies themes, plus both textual studies themes in Component 2B. Nongbri, Brent (2013). Before Religion: A History of a Modern Concept. Yale University Press. p.152. ISBN 978-0-300-15416-0. Although the Greeks, Romans, Mesopotamians, and many other peoples have long histories, the stories of their respective religions are of recent pedigree. The formation of ancient religions as objects of study coincided with the formation of religion itself as a concept of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Sikhism is a panentheistic religion founded on the teachings of Guru Nanak and ten successive Sikh gurus in 15th-century Punjab. It is the fifth-largest organized religion in the world, with approximately 30 million Sikhs. [157] [158] Sikhs are expected to embody the qualities of a Sant-Sipāhī—a saint-soldier, have control over one's internal vices and be able to be constantly immersed in virtues clarified in the Guru Granth Sahib. The principal beliefs of Sikhi are faith in Waheguru—represented by the phrase ik ōaṅkār, meaning one God, who prevails in everything, along with a praxis in which the Sikh is enjoined to engage in social reform through the pursuit of justice for all human beings. Rhodes, John (January 1991). "An American Tradition: The Religious Persecution of Native Americans". Montana Law Review. 52 (1): 13–72. In their traditional languages, Native Americans have no word for religion. This absence is very revealing.
Peter Mandaville and Paul James intended to get away from the modernist dualisms or dichotomous understandings of immanence/transcendence, spirituality/materialism, and sacredness/secularity. They define religion as:Vajrayana Buddhism first appeared in India in the 3rd century CE. [154] It is currently most prominent in the Himalaya regions [155] and extends across all of Asia [156] (cf. Mikkyō). a b Vergote, A. (1996) Religion, Belief and Unbelief. A Psychological Study, Leuven University Press. (p. 16) There are two routes through this specification. Students should enter the qualification either including or excluding Textual studies.
Related:
Great Deal 
New Comment